What Every Woman Should Know About HPV

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide, yet many women know very little about it. Most strains are harmless, but some can lead to serious health concerns, including cancer. Knowing how to prevent the spread of the infection — or being proactive in testing for it — can be a lifesaver.

Understanding HPV will help keep you safe. Read on as our experts at Advanced OB/GYNE Associates explain what it is, who is at risk, and how to prevent complications.

HPV is a family of viruses 

HPV isn’t just one virus — it’s a family of over 200 related viruses. Of these, more than 40 types are transmitted through sexual contact and affect the genital area, mouth, or throat. 

Most people who carry it don’t show any symptoms, which makes it even easier to spread.

The good news is that most infections caused by HPV clear up on their own within two years. However, that’s not always the case. Certain women are at a higher risk if their immune system is compromised, even by something as minor as a vitamin D deficiency.

Chronic sleep deprivation, excessive alcohol consumption, a diet high in sugars, and smoking can also make your immune system less efficient at eliminating the infection.

Some strains of HPV carry higher risks

Although most HPV infections resolve without intervention, certain high-risk strains can cause abnormal changes in the cells of the cervix and other areas. Over time, these changes can develop into cancer if left untreated.
HPV-related cancers include:

• Cervical cancer
• Vulvar and vaginal cancers
• Oropharyngeal cancer

It’s important to note that HPV itself doesn’t directly cause cancer. Instead, long-lasting infections can create cellular changes that raise the risk of developing cancer. Many times, precancerous cells can be eliminated or monitored before they turn cancerous, making appointments with a medical provider essential.

Vaccination is the best way to prevent HPV infections 

The HPV vaccine is recommended for both girls and boys starting at age 9, as it is more effective before individuals become sexually active. The vaccine protects against the most dangerous strains of the virus, including those most commonly linked to cervical cancer.

Regular screenings are key

Screening tests like Pap smears and HPV tests play a crucial role in detecting early changes in cervical cells before they become cancerous.

During a Pap smear, a small sample of cells is collected from the cervix and sent to a lab for analysis. If we find abnormal cells, treatments like cryotherapy or minor surgical procedures can remove the affected tissue and stop progression to cancer.

Know you are well

Most HPV infections don’t show any symptoms, making testing the only way to determine if an infection is present. Keep in mind that most HPV infections are harmless, so even if you get one, chances are it won’t be the kind that may cause cancer.

If you test positive for a high-risk strain, we can safely remove precancerous cells before they become cancerous. Regular screenings and vaccinations turn this potential health threat into an obstacle that you can manage easily with a few visits to our office.

Want to learn more about HPV? Or are you interested in Pap smears and vaccinations? Contact us to schedule an appointment at one of our offices in Arlington Heights or Hoffman Estates, Illinois.